Irreplaceable:
Humanity, Vocation, and the Limits of Technology
by Gene Edward Veith Jr. and A. Trevor Sutton
DETAILS:
Publisher: Baker Books
Publication Date: October 6, 2026
Format: TEXT
Length:TEXT
Read Date: TEXT
We may be God’s agents, but we also have our own agency. God works through us when we love and serve our neighbors, but we also resist him using the very gifts he has given us to love and serve ourselves, even when that means harming our neighbors. That is to say, we are sinners. We sin in our vocations. And we sin in and through and by means of our technology. In fact, if technology is a medium that extends and strengthens our human powers, it can extend and strengthen our sinfulness as well.
What’s Irreplaceable About?
Essentially, the authors set out to take the Protestant (particularly Lutheran) idea of vocation and apply it to the technology of the mid-2020s. Automation, algorithmic decision making, generative AI, and similar technologies make big promises—but how do they relate to human work, human service, human vocation?
How do we harness technologies as a tool and use them as such, rather than let them displace human workers and diminish them?
Where the Book Succeeds
“Chapter 1: Mediated Work: Our Tools and God’s Tools,” is the best part of the book—and it’s not even close. There’s a lot of wisdom here and it should be meditated on.
A lot of the later chapters about “Technology in ____ Vocations—dealing with work, family, society, church and so on, have a lot to offer as well. Some things that aren’t really worth talking about, too.
The more abstract the book gets, the better it is. It’s when Veith and Sutton try to get their hands dirty and deal with particulars that I find them struggling.
Where the Book Falters
Primarily it’s in what the book doesn’t do or try to address.
“H.C.,” you say, “is that fair? No book can do everything.” This is very true—it can’t and I shouldn’t expect it to. But in a book exploring ethical responses to emerging technology from a Christian perspective, I would like to see some things addressed. The ethics behind the development of this technology—the exploitation of the workers, the theft of intellectual property, the goals and methods of the producers. The impact this technology and its growth can have on the word around us—politically (both in party and governmental senses as well as in what it does to human society) and environmentally. Lastly, the effects it can have on the human mind, not just human vocation.
ChatGPT and the Writing of the Book
Chapter 3 starts with a dialogue between one of the authors and ChatGPT—copied and pasted for our benefit, as an illustration (at least partially). I thought it was interesting—particularly because I thought doing so clashed with a point made later in the chapter.
But I have to think a little—how much more of this book was done aided by it (or a similar product)? While I’d prefer the authors to be able to say straightforwardly “There was no AI involved outside this one illustration,” (or, not at all). I’d really like to read what else they got some help with.
Why did I pick this up?
To say that Gene Veith’s book God at Work: Your Christian Vocation in All of Life, was formative for me is to understate it. I can still hear passages and concepts from it as I think through things today. So another book by him related to the idea of vocation? Sign me up without hesitation or forethought. (which is literally how I got this copy, as soon as I saw the title and author, I requested it immediately)
Secondly, I’ve found myself in conversation and books this year about AI/Large Language Models/Generative AI-or whatever you want to call it. Really only one book was a conscious decision to explore it more (I really thought I could dip into things with Doctorow’s book and walk away, rather than getting curious enough to dive deeper)—and thoughts from a Christian who thinks seriously about things (as I assume his co-author did, too), seemed like a good follow-up.
So, what did I think about Irreplaceable?
While the present technological landscape will soon change, God’s plan for human work as a locus for loving our neighbors will remain. While new and difficult questions will arise with each new technological development, God’s callings on our lives and our vocational identities will remain. The more that technology changes the world, the more important it will be to discern God’s work in us and through us and how it has the power to bring about enduring faith, hope, and love.
If I had written this a day or two after finishing the book, I’d have been a lot more positive. But the more I think about it, the more problems and questions I have. So I’d better get this written now, before it becomes a pan, eh? (that was a joke, it’s not pan-worthy).
I do think the book fails to address the AI industry as it actually is, instead presenting it in a way as it’s sold on being and working. Were this book written a few years ago, before the folks at OpenAI had released anything, and instead focused on emerging technologies, social medias, and that sort of thing, I’d be speaking much more positively about it. This it too much about the idea of AI, not the reality as it now is (and seems to be headed).
I don’t need Veith and/or Sutton to be running around like a Chicken Little (even a correct Chicken Little), but I think we should take off the rose-colored glasses for a bit. I did write down a couple of times in my notes, “this is too pie in the sky.” And I probably could’ve done that more.
I like the thoughtfulness of the book. I really did think about some things in a fresher way—and anyone who can invoke the Sewing Riots, the Luddites, and Milton from Office Space within a page or two to build an argument, deserves reading.
We need more books like this, we need more people interacting with Biblical wisdom, insights from the ages past, and contemporary technology—both the doomsayers and the proponents. The conversation started here needs to continue.
Irreplaceable just didn’t deliver everything it should’ve—it took the easy way out on some topics, and skirted others. I think the authors are capable of more, and just didn’t deliver. But, I encourage those curious about addressing the ideas and issues from a conservative Protestant prospective, to pick it up and wrestle with it.
And maybe to come back and tell me where I’m wrong.
Disclaimer: I received this book as a participant in the Baker Publishing Group Nonfiction Reviewer Program—a book that I requested. However, as always here, the opinions expressed are my own.
This post contains an affiliate link. If you purchase from it, I will get a small commission at no additional cost to you. As always, the opinions expressed are my own.
My Favorite Theology/Christian Living Books of 2025
By HCNewton
On January 11, 2026
In News/Misc., Theology/Christian Living
It’s finally time to wrap these lists, with my favorites in Theology and Christian Living (and related things). There’s some overlap in some of these titles, which just shows what kinds of things I was thinking about this year, I guess. I didn’t read as many books along these lines as I expected to/usually do–mostly because the ones I did read took some work to get through (and I had too many “project reads”). But these would’ve floated to the top in any year.
As always, re-reads don’t count for these lists.
(in alphabetical order by author)
by Michael P. V. Barrett
Barrett writes brief devotional meditations on some Old Testament passages (I’m not sure how brief because I read electronically, but they didn’t take terribly long to read). Which is good enough for a book–but Barrett writes with a depth that I don’t think I’ve come across in a devotional before. He gets to the heart and the nitty-gritty of the passages he looks at–and writes in a way that the reader will find application for their life, understanding of the passage, and a new/renewed reason to worship and serve the One who bought them.
The only thing that impressed me–almost every week–as much as the content was Barret’s ability to accomplish it so briefly.
by Mitchell L. Chase
My original post
I personally benefited from Chase’s definition of “wisdom” and how to find it in Scripture. I really appreciated his unwillingness to make Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, and James the epicenter of his discussion, but to look for it throughout the Scriptures (see above). Tackling the topic of wisdom from a Redemptive Historical point of view rather than a Systematic perspective (which is what I’m used to, as I expect most are), really helped me to see the breadth of it—and even to help with my Systematic understanding of it (as it should).
All in all, this is a truly helpful and insightful read.
Why the Love of Money Is the Root of Racism and How the Church Can Create a New Way Forward
by Malcolm Foley
I’ve tried on at least four occasions to write a post about this book, and keep failing. I’m going to keep trying, but in the meantime, I’ll just say that this is one of the best books I read in 2025 regardless of genre/topic. Foley starts with Ida Wells’ point tying racism to money, and expands on that. He traces the connection between the love of money (which we know to be the root of all sorts of evil) and racism/racism-friendly policies and attitudes throughout U.S. History–particularly after the Civil War. And how the Church, to her shame, participates in those.
Then he points the way forward–using a variety of theological tools. Including the Westminster Larger Catechism’s teaching on the Eighth Commandment. It’s inspiring, it’s convicting, it’s full of hope.
by Carmen Joy Imes
My original post
Is this the most rigorous, robust work that I’ve ever read on The Church? No. Is this the most technical, theological work I’ve come across? No. Did this take a lot of effort to get through? No (and what a relief). Is this perhaps the most passionate work on the subject I’ve read? Yes. Is it perhaps the most persuasive about the need for individual believers (particularly in an individualist culture) to be involved with the Church? Also, yes.
It’s warm, it’s approachable, it’s learned in a non-off-putting way. Imes is a great guide through the topic and a fun companion through the stroll. She pointed out some things I hadn’t thought of before—and helped me grasp a couple of texts that I’ve struggled with for years.
by C. S. Lewis
There’s a lot of this book that I disagree with–but I appreciate the way that Lewis got to his conclusions. I also admit that Lewis might be closer to right than I am on those points. But the opening letter on prayer is one of the best things I’ve read on the topic, and while the rest of the book doesn’t reach those heights, I truly enjoyed and benefited from considering them. This is one of those books by him I hadn’t gotten around to reading in the past until my little Lewis-immersion project last year. It won’t be the last time.
by Zacharias Ursinus
As this is written by one of the chief authors of the Heidelberg Catechism, it’s impossible to get a more authoritative take on it. This is essentially the director’s cut of the catechism. Sure, we all know the answers, but how’d you get to that answer? Well, you think like so….
This is a treasure for anyone trying to understand and use the Heidelberg Catechism for personal use or for trying to raise the generation to follow.
by Drew Poplin
My original post
I hate the fact that books decrying the sin (or, in Poplin’s argument, heresy) of racism need to be written now. But the need for them is pretty clear to anyone in the American Church. This brief (perhaps too brief) book is a compelling read, calling racism what it is, an attack on God and His creation. Convicting, and hopefully convincing. It’s well worth the time to read.
by O. Palmer Robertson
Did this floor me as much as the first volume of this set (on the Gospels) did? Nope. But am I going to study Acts or Paul’s letters without consulting this in the future? Bigger nope. Robertson first traces the development of revelation and the Church’s understanding of it through Acts, then he spends the bulk of the book watching Paul’s themes develop and change over the course of his career–never contradictory, never inconsistent, but starting with certain emphases that develop into new ones given the events of his life and the needs of the Church throughout the First Century. It’s really a handy book to work through and to keep on hand for future use.
by Mikel Del Rosario
My original post
Del Rosario’s approach to the subject alone could put him on this list–let’s take an in-depth look at two passages and see what Jesus is claiming for himself in both. Let’s consider what the original audience heard–and seek to understand that by the way they reacted. Then let’s consider the implications of both. Del Rosario writes clearly and compellingly. The text—even when it gets technical—is straightforward and approachable by people who aren’t historical scholars.
Not only does reading this help buttress the confidence a reader has in the passage and Jesus’ claims in them, but Del Rosario gives his readers a model to follow when they come across similar passages.
by Cornelius Van Til
My original post
This is some pretty clear writing from a man widely considered not to be terribly clear all the time. Some of the commandments don’t get the same level of attention as others–and it makes sense given who Van Til is and his own driving focus.
It’s a very sound introduction, in line with the bulk of the Reformed stream of thought on the Law and its usage from the time of the Reformation forward. But a little more approachable given the length and the fact it was written in the 20th Century.